环境噪音对鸟类鸣声的影响及鸟类的适应对策
摘要： 在高噪音环境中生存的动物，发出的声信号会与噪声的频率、振幅和时间等重叠，使动物声信号的传播效率降低。鸟类主要靠鸣声通讯，鸣声传播效率下降会影响鸟类个体间识别、配偶关系、领域防卫、种群密度、群落结构等。本文综述了城市噪音、自然噪音等环境噪声对鸟类鸣声的影响以及鸟类的适应对策，提出在城市化进程中要关注噪音对鸟类的影响，并展望了本领域今后可能的研究热点。
关键词: 旱柳, 遮荫, 生长与分配, 生理特征, 相连抑制, 生理整合
Abstract: For the animals living in the areas with high level ambient noise, their call signals could be overlapped with the frequency, amplitude, and temporal characters of the noise, making the spread efficiency of the animals acoustic signals decreased. Birds mainly rely on their songs for communication. The lower level spread efficiency of their acoustic signal will impact their individual recognition, mate selection, territorial defense, population density, community structure, and so on. This paper summarized the impacts of ambient noise, including urban noise and natural noise, on bird song and the adaptation strategies of birds, pointed out the concerns of these impacts in urbanization, and prospected the possible hotspots in the future research.
Key words: Salix matsudana, Shading, Growth and allocation, Physiological feature, Correlative inhibition, Physiological integration
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