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python实现贪吃蛇小游戏

萌宠菠菠乐园
2025-05-08 06:03

用python中的pygame模块来实现面向过程编程

import random import pygame import sys from pygame.locals import * snake_speed = 8 #贪吃蛇的速度 windows_width = 800 windows_height = 600 #游戏窗口的大小 cell_size = 10 #贪吃蛇身体方块大小,注意身体大小必须能被窗口长宽整除 map_width = int(windows_width / cell_size) map_height = int(windows_height / cell_size) # 颜色定义 white = (255, 255, 255) black = (0, 0, 0) gray = (230, 230, 230) dark_gray = (40, 40, 40) DARKGreen = (0, 155, 0) Green = (0, 255, 0) Red = (255, 0, 0) blue = (0, 0, 255) dark_blue =(0,0, 139) BG_COLOR = white #游戏背景颜色 # 定义方向 UP = 1 DOWN = 2 LEFT = 3 RIGHT = 4 HEAD = 0 #贪吃蛇头部下标 #主函数 def main():pygame.init() # 模块初始化snake_speed_clock = pygame.time.Clock() # 创建Pygame时钟对象screen = pygame.display.set_mode((windows_width, windows_height)) #screen.fill(white)pygame.display.set_caption("贪吃蛇小游戏") #设置标题show_start_info(screen) #欢迎信息while True:running_game(screen, snake_speed_clock)show_gameover_info(screen) #游戏运行主体black def running_game(screen,snake_speed_clock):startx = random.randint(3, map_width - 8) #开始位置starty = random.randint(3, map_height - 8)snake_coords = [{'x': startx, 'y': starty}, #初始贪吃蛇 {'x': startx - 1, 'y': starty}, {'x': startx - 2, 'y': starty}]direction = RIGHT # 开始时向右移动food = get_random_location() #食物随机位置global pausedpaused = 1while True:for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == QUIT:terminate()elif event.type == KEYDOWN:if (event.key == K_LEFT or event.key == K_a) and direction != RIGHT:direction = LEFTelif (event.key == K_RIGHT or event.key == K_d) and direction != LEFT:direction = RIGHTelif (event.key == K_UP or event.key == K_w) and direction != DOWN:direction = UPelif (event.key == K_DOWN or event.key == K_s) and direction != UP:direction = DOWNelif event.key == K_p:paused = -pausedelif event.key == K_ESCAPE:terminate()if paused == 1:move_snake(direction, snake_coords) #移动蛇ret = snake_is_alive(snake_coords)if not ret:break #蛇跪了. 游戏结束snake_is_eat_food(snake_coords, food) #判断蛇是否吃到食物screen.fill(BG_COLOR)#draw_grid(screen)draw_snake(screen, snake_coords)draw_food(screen, food)draw_score(screen, len(snake_coords) - 3)pygame.display.update()snake_speed_clock.tick(snake_speed) #控制fps #将食物画出来 def draw_food(screen, food):x = food['x'] * cell_sizey = food['y'] * cell_sizefoodRect = pygame.Rect(x, y, cell_size, cell_size)pygame.draw.rect(screen, Red, foodRect) #将贪吃蛇画出来 def draw_snake(screen, snake_coords):for coord in snake_coords:x = coord['x'] * cell_sizey = coord['y'] * cell_sizewormSegmentRect = pygame.Rect(x, y, cell_size, cell_size)pygame.draw.rect(screen, black, wormSegmentRect)'''个性化：wormInnerSegmentRect = pygame.Rect( #蛇身子里面的第二层亮绿色x + 4, y + 4, cell_size - 8, cell_size - 8)pygame.draw.rect(screen, blue, wormInnerSegmentRect)''' #画网格(可选) def draw_grid(screen):for x in range(0, windows_width, cell_size): # draw 水平 linespygame.draw.line(screen, dark_gray, (x, 0), (x, windows_height))for y in range(0, windows_height, cell_size): # draw 垂直 linespygame.draw.line(screen, dark_gray, (0, y), (windows_width, y)) #移动贪吃蛇 def move_snake(direction, snake_coords): if direction == UP: newHead = {'x': snake_coords[HEAD]['x'], 'y': snake_coords[HEAD]['y'] - 1} elif direction == DOWN: newHead = {'x': snake_coords[HEAD]['x'], 'y': snake_coords[HEAD]['y'] + 1} elif direction == LEFT: newHead = {'x': snake_coords[HEAD]['x'] - 1, 'y': snake_coords[HEAD]['y']} elif direction == RIGHT: newHead = {'x': snake_coords[HEAD]['x'] + 1, 'y': snake_coords[HEAD]['y']} snake_coords.insert(0, newHead) #判断蛇死了没 def snake_is_alive(snake_coords):tag = Trueif snake_coords[HEAD]['x'] == -1 or snake_coords[HEAD]['x'] == map_width or snake_coords[HEAD]['y'] == -1 or snake_coords[HEAD]['y'] == map_height:tag = False # 蛇碰壁啦for snake_body in snake_coords[1:]:if snake_body['x'] == snake_coords[HEAD]['x'] and snake_body['y'] == snake_coords[HEAD]['y']:tag = False # 蛇碰到自己身体啦return tag #判断贪吃蛇是否吃到食物 def snake_is_eat_food(snake_coords, food): #如果是列表或字典，那么函数内修改参数内容，就会影响到函数体外的对象。if snake_coords[HEAD]['x'] == food['x'] and snake_coords[HEAD]['y'] == food['y']:food['x'] = random.randint(0, map_width - 1)food['y'] = random.randint(0, map_height - 1) # 食物位置重新设置else:del snake_coords[-1] # 如果没有吃到实物, 就向前移动, 那么尾部一格删掉 #食物随机生成 def get_random_location():return {'x': random.randint(0, map_width - 1), 'y': random.randint(0, map_height - 1)} #开始信息显示 def show_start_info(screen):font = pygame.font.Font('myfont.ttf', 40)tip = font.render('按任意键开始游戏~~~', True, (65, 105, 225))#在屏幕中显示文字gamestart = pygame.image.load('gamestart.png')screen.blit(gamestart, (140, 30))screen.blit(tip, (240, 550))pygame.display.update()while True: #键盘监听事件for event in pygame.event.get(): # event handling loopif event.type == QUIT:terminate() #终止程序elif event.type == KEYDOWN:if (event.key == K_ESCAPE): #终止程序terminate() #终止程序else:return #结束此函数, 开始游戏 #游戏结束信息显示 def show_gameover_info(screen):font = pygame.font.Font('myfont.ttf', 40)tip = font.render('按Q或者ESC退出游戏, 按任意键重新开始游戏~', True, (65, 105, 225))gamestart = pygame.image.load('gameover.png')screen.blit(gamestart, (60, 0))screen.blit(tip, (80, 300))pygame.display.update()while True: #键盘监听事件for event in pygame.event.get(): # event handling loopif event.type == QUIT:terminate() #终止程序elif event.type == KEYDOWN:if event.key == K_ESCAPE or event.key == K_q: #终止程序terminate() #终止程序else:return #结束此函数, 重新开始游戏 #画成绩 def draw_score(screen,score):font = pygame.font.Font('myfont.ttf', 30)scoreSurf = font.render('得分: %s' % score, True, Green)scoreRect = scoreSurf.get_rect()scoreRect.topleft = (windows_width - 120, 10)screen.blit(scoreSurf, scoreRect) #程序终止 def terminate():pygame.quit()sys.exit() main()

123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201 面向对象编程主函数

import pygame from settings import Settings import game_functions as gf ai_settings = Settings() def game():pygame.init() # 模块初始化snake_speed_clock = pygame.time.Clock() # 创建Pygame时钟对象screen = pygame.display.set_mode((ai_settings.windows_width, ai_settings.windows_height)) #screen.fill(ai_settings.white)pygame.display.set_caption("贪吃蛇小游戏") #设置标题gf.show_start_info(screen) #欢迎信息while True:gf.running_game(screen, snake_speed_clock, ai_settings)gf.show_gameover_info(screen) game()

123456789101112131415161718 settings.py

class Settings(): def __init__(self): self.snake_speed = 8 self.windows_width = 800 self.windows_height = 600 self.cell_size = 10 self.map_width = int(self.windows_width / self.cell_size) self.map_height = int(self.windows_height / self.cell_size) # 颜色定义 self.white = (255, 255, 255) self.black = (0, 0, 0) self.gray = (230, 230, 230) self.dark_gray = (40, 40, 40) self.DARKGreen = (0, 155, 0) self.Green = (0, 255, 0) self.Red = (255, 0, 0) self.blue = (0, 0, 255) self.dark_blue = (0, 0, 139) # 游戏背景颜色 self.BG_COLOR = self.white # 定义方向 self.UP = 1 self.DOWN = 2 self.LEFT = 3 self.RIGHT = 4 # 贪吃蛇头部下标 self.HEAD = 0

123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627 game_functions.py

import pygame import sys import random import time #游戏运行主体black def running_game(screen,snake_speed_clock, ai_settings):startx = random.randint(3, ai_settings.map_width - 8) #开始位置starty = random.randint(3, ai_settings.map_height - 8)snake_coords = [{'x': startx, 'y': starty}, #初始贪吃蛇 {'x': startx - 1, 'y': starty}, {'x': startx - 2, 'y': starty}]direction = ai_settings.RIGHT # 开始时向右移动music()food = get_random_location(ai_settings) #实物随机位置#paused为暂停标志global pausedpaused = 1while True:for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:terminate()elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if (event.key == pygame.K_LEFT or event.key == pygame.K_a) and direction != ai_settings.RIGHT:direction = ai_settings.LEFTelif (event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT or event.key == pygame.K_d) and direction != ai_settings.LEFT:direction = ai_settings.RIGHTelif (event.key == pygame.K_UP or event.key == pygame.K_w) and direction != ai_settings.DOWN:direction = ai_settings.UPelif (event.key == pygame.K_DOWN or event.key == pygame.K_s) and direction != ai_settings.UP:direction = ai_settings.DOWNelif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:ai_settings.snake_speed=20elif event.key == pygame.K_p:paused = -pausedelif event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:terminate()elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:ai_settings.snake_speed = 8if paused == 1:'''当paused=1时执行下面的代码，否则再次循环'''move_snake(direction, snake_coords, ai_settings) #移动蛇ret = snake_is_alive(snake_coords,ai_settings)if not ret:break #蛇跪了. 游戏结束snake_is_eat_food(snake_coords, food, ai_settings) #判断蛇是否吃到食物screen.fill(ai_settings.BG_COLOR)#draw_grid(screen)draw_snake(screen, snake_coords,ai_settings)draw_food(screen, food, ai_settings)draw_score(screen, (len(snake_coords) - 3)*10, ai_settings)#蛇增加的长度乘10为获得的分数pygame.display.update()snake_speed_clock.tick(ai_settings.snake_speed) #控制fps #将食物画出来 def draw_food(screen, food,ai_settings):x = food['x'] * ai_settings.cell_sizey = food['y'] * ai_settings.cell_sizefoodRect = pygame.Rect(x, y, ai_settings.cell_size, ai_settings.cell_size)pygame.draw.rect(screen, ai_settings.Red, foodRect) #将贪吃蛇画出来 def draw_snake(screen, snake_coords, ai_settings):for coord in snake_coords:x = coord['x'] * ai_settings.cell_sizey = coord['y'] * ai_settings.cell_sizewormSegmentRect = pygame.Rect(x, y, ai_settings.cell_size, ai_settings.cell_size)pygame.draw.rect(screen, ai_settings.black, wormSegmentRect)'''个性化：wormInnerSegmentRect = pygame.Rect( #蛇身子里面的第二层亮绿色x + 4, y + 4, cell_size - 8, cell_size - 8)pygame.draw.rect(screen, blue, wormInnerSegmentRect)''' #画网格(可选) def draw_grid(screen, ai_settings):for x in range(0, ai_settings.windows_width, ai_settings.cell_size): # draw 水平 linespygame.draw.line(screen, ai_settings.dark_gray, (x, 0), (x, ai_settings.windows_height))for y in range(0, ai_settings.windows_height, ai_settings.cell_size): # draw 垂直 linespygame.draw.line(screen, ai_settings.dark_gray, (0, y), (ai_settings.windows_width, y)) #移动贪吃蛇 def move_snake(direction, snake_coords, ai_settings): if direction == ai_settings.UP: newHead = {'x': snake_coords[ai_settings.HEAD]['x'], 'y': snake_coords[ai_settings.HEAD]['y'] - 1} elif direction == ai_settings.DOWN: newHead = {'x': snake_coords[ai_settings.HEAD]['x'], 'y': snake_coords[ai_settings.HEAD]['y'] + 1} elif direction == ai_settings.LEFT: newHead = {'x': snake_coords[ai_settings.HEAD]['x'] - 1, 'y': snake_coords[ai_settings.HEAD]['y']} elif direction == ai_settings.RIGHT: newHead = {'x': snake_coords[ai_settings.HEAD]['x'] + 1, 'y': snake_coords[ai_settings.HEAD]['y']} snake_coords.insert(0, newHead) #判断蛇死了没 def snake_is_alive(snake_coords, ai_settings):tag = Trueif snake_coords[ai_settings.HEAD]['x'] == -1 or snake_coords[ai_settings.HEAD]['x'] == ai_settings.map_width or snake_coords[ai_settings.HEAD]['y'] == -1 or snake_coords[ai_settings.HEAD]['y'] == ai_settings.map_height:tag = False # 蛇碰壁啦for snake_body in snake_coords[1:]:if snake_body['x'] == snake_coords[ai_settings.HEAD]['x'] and snake_body['y'] == snake_coords[ai_settings.HEAD]['y']:tag = False # 蛇碰到自己身体啦return tag #判断贪吃蛇是否吃到食物 def snake_is_eat_food(snake_coords, food, ai_settings): #如果是列表或字典，那么函数内修改参数内容，就会影响到函数体外的对象。if snake_coords[ai_settings.HEAD]['x'] == food['x'] and snake_coords[ai_settings.HEAD]['y'] == food['y']:food['x'] = random.randint(0, ai_settings.map_width - 1)food['y'] = random.randint(0, ai_settings.map_height - 1) # 食物位置重新设置else:del snake_coords[-1] # 如果没有吃到实物, 就向前移动, 那么尾部一格删掉 #食物随机生成 def get_random_location(ai_settings):return {'x': random.randint(0, ai_settings.map_width - 1), 'y': random.randint(0, ai_settings.map_height - 1)} # 背景音乐 def music():for m in range(1,2):file = r'music/'+str(m)+'.mp3'pygame.mixer.init()pygame.mixer.music.load(file)pygame.mixer.music.play(1,0.0) #开始信息显示 def show_start_info(screen):font = pygame.font.Font('myfont.ttf', 40)tip = font.render('按任意键开始游戏~~~', True, (65, 105, 225))#在屏幕中显示文字gamestart = pygame.image.load('gamestart.png')screen.blit(gamestart, (140, 30))screen.blit(tip, (240, 550))pygame.display.update()while True: #键盘监听事件for event in pygame.event.get(): # event handling loopif event.type == pygame.QUIT:terminate() #终止程序elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if (event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE): #终止程序terminate() #终止程序else:return #结束此函数, 开始游戏 #游戏结束信息显示 def show_gameover_info(screen):font = pygame.font.Font('myfont.ttf', 40)tip = font.render('按Q或者ESC退出游戏, 按任意键重新开始游戏~', True, (65, 105, 225))gamestart = pygame.image.load('gameover.png')screen.blit(gamestart, (60, 0))screen.blit(tip, (80, 300))pygame.display.update()while True: #键盘监听事件for event in pygame.event.get(): # event handling loopif event.type == pygame.QUIT:terminate() #终止程序elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE or event.key == pygame.K_q: #终止程序terminate() #终止程序else:return #结束此函数, 重新开始游戏 #画成绩 def draw_score(screen,score, ai_settings):font = pygame.font.Font('myfont.ttf', 30)scoreSurf = font.render('得分: %s' % score, True, ai_settings.Green)scoreRect = scoreSurf.get_rect()scoreRect.topleft = (ai_settings.windows_width - 120, 10)screen.blit(scoreSurf, scoreRect) #程序终止 def terminate():pygame.quit()sys.exit()