斑马鱼，脊椎动物视网膜行为学和遗传学研究工具
Zebrafish:Atoolforbehavioralandgeneticstudiesofvertebrateretinalfunctionanddegeneration#XIYang,ZHANGHuafeng,HUANGTao,YEQijun,LIXinle,HENingning,LIU5101520253035Liping,SUNLei,FANGYangwu,SHAOJinping,CHENDongyan,LIYuhao,LILei**(KeyLaboratoryofAnimalModelsandDegenerativeNeurologicalDiseases,MedicalSchool,NankaiUniversity,Tianjin300071)Abstract:Invisionresearch,publicationsrelateto„visualsensitivity‟areoftenrestrictedtooneofthethreedimensions:absolutevisualsensitivity,contrastsensitivityandspectral/temporalsensitivity.Ourownresearchusingthezebrafishmodel(Daniorerio)ismainlyconcernedwithabsolutesensitivity,andtoalesserextent,contrastandspectral/temporalsensitivity.Inthispaper,wewillreviewtheusefulnessofzebrafishasamodelsystemforbehavioralandgeneticstudiesofabsolutevisualsensitivity.Keywords:animal;zebrafish;retina;mutation;behavioraltest;visualsensitivity0IntroductionZebrafishhasemergedasoneofthemajorgeneticmodelsystemsforstudyingvertebratevisualsystemfunctionsanddiseases.Similartohumans,thezebrafishretinaisanorganizedneuraltissue.Itconsistsofthreenucleilayers,whichincludeouternucleilayer,innernucleilayerandganglioncelllayer.Nucleilayersareseparatedbytwoplexiformlayers,namely,outer-plexiformlayerandinner-plexiformlayer.Photoreceptorcellsarelocatedintheouternucleilayer.Photoreceptorcelloutersegmentsareembeddedinretinalpigmentepithelia.Otherretinalcelltypes,suchasretinalhorizontalcells,bipolarcellsandamacrinecellsarefoundintheinnernucleilayer.Retinalganglioncellsarerestrictedtotheganglioncelllayer.Occasionally,asmallnumberofdisplacedganglioncellsarefoundintheinnernucleilayer.Neuralprocesses(i.e.,axonsandsynapses)betweendifferentretinalcelltypesaremainlyfoundintheouter-andinner-plexiformlayers[1,2].Similartoothervertebratespeciesincludinghumans,thezebrafishretinascontainbothrodandconephotoreceptorcells.Inzebrafish,onetypeofrodphotoreceptorcellsandfourtypesofconephotoreceptorcellshavebeenidentified.Rodphotoreceptorcellsmediatedim-lightandnightvision.Theyaredistributedallovertheretinas(dorsal,ventral,nasalandtemporalretinas,respective).Conephotoreceptorcells,incontrast,areresponsibleformediatingday-timebrightlightandcolorvision.Dependingontheexpressionofopsinproteinsandthemaximumabsorptionoflight-wavelength,conephotoreceptorcellscanbeclassifiedasLcones(longwavelengthsensitive),Mcones(middlewavelengthsensitive),Scones(shortwavelengthsensitive)andUVcones(ultravioletsensitive),respectively.Inzebrafish,LandMconesform“double-cones”.Foundations:SpecializedResearchFundfortheDoctoralProgramofHigherEducation(No.20090031110037),NationalScienceFoundation(No.81171066)andTianjinScience-TechCommittee(No.12JC***C24000).Briefauthorintroduction:XIYang(1987-),female,student,neuralbiologyCorrespondanceauthor:LILei(1968-),male,professor,neuralbiology.leili@nankai.edu.cn-1-
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斑马鱼，脊椎动物视网膜行为学和遗传学研究工具
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