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宠物犬肠道可培养细菌耐药性种类及其分布

萌宠菠菠乐园
2024-12-26 21:14

摘要: 为探明宠物犬肠道微生物携带抗生素耐药性的流行病学及阐释饲养动物中微生物抗性与人病原微生物抗性基因的关系。采用细菌分离培养鉴定以及影印平板技术对宠物犬肠道可培养肠杆菌携带的耐药性及其种类、多样性和生态分布进行了调查。结果表明：宠物犬肠道可培养细菌具有较高的耐药性比例和多重耐药性。其中大肠杆菌对氨苄西林、磺胺类药物、氯霉素、链霉素和四环素等较早使用的药物耐药率较高，反而对进入临床时间较短的头孢菌素类药物相对较敏感。在调查的细菌中几乎所有的细菌至少有1种抗生素抗性，可分离的肠道细菌中一半以上具有5种以上的抗生素抗性。综上所述，肠道微生物抗性的产生与抗生素的使用时间紧密相关，并且宠物犬肠道可培养细菌的抗性广泛分布，表明宠物很可能成为耐药性基因在环境和人类病原细菌间传播的潜在途径。

Abstract: In order to explore the epidemiology of antibiotics resistance carried by pet dogs' intestinal microorganisms and explain the relationship between the microbial resistance in raising animals and the resistance genes of human pathogenic microorganism, the antibiotic resistance carried by the culturable enterobacter in the intestinal tract of pet dogs was investigated, as well as the species, diversity and ecological distribution, by using the bacterial culture, isolation and identification and the replica plating technology. The results showed that the culturable bacteria in the intestinal tract of pet dogs had a high proportion of drug resistance and multi-drug resistance. Among which, Escherichia coli had a higher drug resistance rate to the drugs that were used earlier such as ampicillin, sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, streptomycin and tetracycline, while was more sensitive to cephalosporins with a short clinical time. Almost all of the bacteria surveyed had at least one antibiotic resistance, and more than half of the isolatable intestinal bacteria had at least five antibiotic resistance. In summary, the occurrence of intestinal microbial resistance was closely related to the usage time of antibiotics, and the wide distribution of the resistance of the culturable bacteria in the intestinal tract of pet dogs indicated that pets were likely to be the potential route for the transmission of resistance genes between the environment and human pathogenic bacteria.

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